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How Geographic Redundancy Can Improve Service Availability and Reliability of Computer-Based Systems Enterprises make significant investments in geographically redundant systems to mitigate the very unlikely risk of a natural or man-made disaster rendering their primary site inaccessible or destroying it completely. While geographic redundancy has obvious benefits for disaster recovery, it is far less obvious what benefit georedundancy offers for more common hardware, software, and human failures. Beyond Redundancy provides both a theoretical and practical treatment of the feasible and likely benefits from geographic redundancy for both service availability and service reliability. The book is organized into three sections: Basics provides the necessary background on georedundancy and service availability Modeling and Analysis of Redundancy gives the technical and mathematical details of service availability modeling of georedundant configurations Recommendations offers specific recommendations on architecture, requirements, design, testing, and analysis of georedundant configurations A complete georedundant case study is included to illustrate the recommendations. The book considers both georedundant systems and georedundant solutions. The text also provides a general discussion about the capital expense/operating expense tradeoff that frames system redundancy and georedundancy. These added features make Beyond Redundancy an invaluable resource for network/system planners, IS/IT personnel, system architects, system engineers, developers, testers, and disaster recovery/business continuity consultants and planners.

Written by one of the few top internationally recognized experts in the field, this book concentrates on those topics that will remain fundamental, such as low power computing, reversible programming languages, and applications in thermodynamics. It describes reversible computing from various points of view: Boolean algebra, group theory, logic circuits, low-power electronics, communication, software, quantum computing. It is this multidisciplinary approach that makes it unique. Backed by numerous examples, this is useful for all levels of the scientific and academic community, from undergraduates to established academics.

Vehicle dynamics and stability have been of considerable interest for a number of years. The obvious dilemma is that people naturally desire to drive faster and faster yet expect their vehicles to be “infinitely” stable and safe during all normal and emergency maneuvers. For the most part, people pay little attention to the limited handling potential of their vehicles until some unusual behavior is observed that often results in accidents and even fatalities. This book presents several model-based estimation methods which involve information from current potential-integrable sensors. Improving vehicle control and stabilization is possible when vehicle dynamic variables are known. The fundamental problem is that some essential variables related to tire/road friction are difficult to measure because of technical and economical reasons. Therefore, these data must be estimated. It is against this background, that this book’s objective is to develop estimators in order to estimate the vehicle’s load transfer, the sideslip angle, and the vertical and lateral tire/road forces using a roll model. The proposed estimation processes are based on the state observer (Kalman filtering) theory and the dynamic response of a vehicle instrumented with standard sensors. These estimators are able to work in real time in normal and critical driving situations. Performances are tested using an experimental car in real driving situations. This is exactly the focus of this book, providing students, technicians and engineers from the automobile field with a theoretical basis and some practical algorithms useful for estimating vehicle dynamics in real-time during vehicle motion.

In today’s digital environment, distributed systems are increasingly present in a wide variety of environments, ranging from public software applications to critical systems. Distributed Systems introduces the underlying concepts, the associated design techniques and the related security issues. Distributed Systems: Design and Algorithms, is dedicated to engineers, students, and anyone familiar with algorithms and programming, who want to know more about distributed systems. These systems are characterized by: several components with one or more threads, possibly running on different processors; asynchronous communications with possible additional assumptions (reliability, order preserving, etc.); local views for every component and no shared data between components. This title presents distributed systems from a point of view dedicated to their design and their main principles: the main algorithms are described and placed in their application context, i.e. consistency management and the way they are used in distributed file-systems.

In this book the authors identify the basic concepts and recent advances in the acquisition, perception, coding and rendering of color. The fundamental aspects related to the science of colorimetry in relation to physiology (the human visual system) are addressed, as are constancy and color appearance. It also addresses the more technical aspects related to sensors and the color management screen. Particular attention is paid to the notion of color rendering in computer graphics. Beyond color, the authors also look at coding, compression, protection and quality of color images and videos. Individual chapters focus on the LMS specification, color constancy, color appearance models, rendering in synthetic image generation, image sensor technologies, image compression, and quality and secure color imaging. Ideal for researchers, engineers, Master’s and PhD students, Digital Color: Acquisition, Perception, Encoding and Rendering offers a state of the art on all the scientific and technical issues raised by the different stages of the digital color process – acquisition, analysis and processing. Contents 1. Colorimetry and Physiology – The LMS Specification, Françoise Viénot and Jean Le Rohellec. 2. Color Constancy, Jean-Christophe Burie, Majed Chambah and Sylvie Treuillet. 3. Color Appearance Models, Christine Fernandez-Maloigne and Alain Trémeau. 4. Rendering and Computer Graphics, Bernard Péroche, Samuel Delepoulle and Christophe Renaud. 5. Image Sensor Technology, François Berry and Omar Ait Aider. 6. From the Sensor to Color Images, Olivier Losson and Eric Dinet. 7. Color and Image Compression, Abdelhakim Saadane, Mohamed-Chaker Larabi and Christophe Charrier. 8. Protection of Color Images, William Puech, Alain Trémeau and Philippe Carré. 9. Quality Assessment Approaches, Mohamed-Chaker Larabi, Abdelhakim Saadane and Christophe Charrier.

Security of Energy supply is a major concern for all modern societies, intensified by skyrocketing demand in India and China and increasing international competition over fossil fuel deposits. Energy Security: An Interdisciplinary Approach gives A comparative analysis from both consumers' and producers' perspectives. It uniquely combines economics, geology, international relations, business, history, public management and political science, in one comprehensive volume, highlighting the vulnerabilities and need to move to more sustainable energy sources. The author provides a number of useful case studies to demonstrate the theory, including perspectives from consuming regions such as the United States, the European Union, and China, and from exporting regions; the Middle East, Africa, Russia and the Caspian Sea. Key features include: coverage on theoretical and empirical frameworks so readers are able to analyse concepts relevant to new laws and policies in energy security up-to-date coverage on ‘green energy', outlining research on the balance between meeting energy needs and avoiding polluting the environment an examination of the three most prominent international energy organizations; International Energy Agency, International Energy Forum, and Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries a full Glossary listing all important terms used in the energy field This study holds important information for policymakers, politicians, energy specialists, scientists and post-graduate and final year students of energy and international relations. With its clear written style, it will also engage other professionals who are interested in international political economy and the future of global energy.

В этой книге Алексей Васильев, доктор физико-математических наук и автор популярных российских самоучителей по программированию, приглашает читателей ознакомиться с основами языка C#. Прочитав ее, вы узнаете историю языка, его структуру, ознакомитесь с типами данных и переменными, операторами, циклами и множеством другой полезной информации, необходимой для работы с этим языком.

Windows IT Pro/RE – профессиональное издание на русском языке, целиком и полностью посвященное вопросам работы с продуктами семейства Windows и технологиям компании Microsoft. Журнал предназначен для системных администраторов и разработчиков.

Эта книга представляет собой практическое руководство по использованию мощного инструмента (Microsoft Excel) для выполнения любой сложной задачи, например, построения финансовой модели. Кратко и внятно рассказывается об использовании электронных таблиц в финансовом планировании и бизнес-расчётах. Несмотря на быструю смену версий электронных таблиц базовые функции, используемые в бюджетировании и финансовом планировании предприятий и организаций, входят во все версии, как старые так и вновь выпускаемые. Поэтому принципы и модели, описываемые в настоящей книге можно использовать в любых версиях программы MS EXCEL, для любых организаций и предприятий.

Настоящий учебник освещает все современные направления развития компьютерной графики. Отличительной чертой книги является наличие большого числа подробных упражнений, поясняющих порядок и особенности использования инструментов и команд.

Авторами статьи проводится сравнительный анализ количественных показателей методик оценки защищенности беспроводных охранно-пожарных сигнализаций с помощью аппарата математической статистики. На основе непараметрических тестов в программе Statistica получены средние и доверительные интервалы выборочных средних (графическая диаграмма «ящик и усы»). Средние и доверительные интервалы выборочных средних, отображающие оценки защищенности на основе нечеткой логики, находятся выше, чем средние и доверительные интервалы выборочных средних, отображающие оценки защищенности на основе матрицы нечетких правил. Это трактуется как более высокая количественная оценка защищенности одной методики оценки защищенности над другой и, как следствие, более точная идентификация защищенности.